What function does a service provide when allowing a user to read and edit resources on a Linux system?

The function that allows a user to read and edit resources on a Linux system is access control. Access control is a fundamental component of system security that determines which users have permission to access certain resources and what level of access they have — whether it's read, edit, execute, or other permissions.

In the context of a Linux system, access control mechanisms are implemented through file permissions and user roles. These mechanisms ensure that only authorized users can interact with sensitive data, effectively managing who can perform specific actions on the system. For instance, a user might have permission to read a file but not to edit it, thus preventing unauthorized changes while still providing access to information.

This distinguishes access control from the other concepts listed. While authentication verifies a user's identity, data integrity focuses on maintaining and assuring the accuracy and consistency of data. Intrusion detection, on the other hand, involves monitoring for unauthorized access or anomalies in system behavior but does not directly manage user permissions. Thus, the emphasis on user permissions and resource management firmly places access control as the correct answer.