What is the function of a packet sniffer in network security?

A packet sniffer is a critical tool in network security, primarily designed to capture data packets traveling over a network. Its main function is to intercept and log the traffic that passes through the network interfaces. This capability allows network administrators and security professionals to analyze the data being transmitted to identify potential vulnerabilities or malicious activities.

By monitoring the packets, individuals can understand traffic patterns, troubleshoot network issues, and detect unauthorized access or data breaches. Packet sniffers can provide insights into the types of data being transmitted, including sensitive information if it is not properly encrypted. This makes them essential for not only maintaining network performance but also for reinforcing security protocols by enabling timely responses to suspicious activity.

In contrast, other options such as encrypting sensitive data, blocking unauthorized access, or managing user permissions represent different aspects of network security that do not fall under the purview of a packet sniffer. While important, these roles involve other security measures and tools designed specifically for those functions.