What type of attack could occur if a DNS server is subject to cache poisoning?

Cache poisoning refers to the manipulation of a DNS server's cache to introduce incorrect domain name resolution entries. When a DNS server's cache is poisoned, it can lead to unauthorized or malicious redirection of user requests. In this context, a redirected traffic attack occurs as the user is directed to a fraudulent website instead of the legitimate site they intended to visit.

This can have serious implications, as users may unknowingly provide personal information to attackers who have set up a fake site that appears genuine. The nature of cache poisoning allows this attack to persist until the cache entries are expired or updated, causing potentially long-term vulnerabilities for users relying on that compromised DNS server.

In contrast, a man-in-the-middle attack typically involves intercepting communications between two parties rather than altering DNS resolution processes. A denial-of-service attack aims to make a service unavailable by overwhelming it with traffic, which is not specifically related to DNS cache manipulation. Data exfiltration refers to the unauthorized transfer of data from a system, which is not a direct effect of DNS cache poisoning itself. Hence, the essence of the correct answer lies in the fact that cache poisoning enables malicious redirections, making redirected traffic attacks a primary concern.