Which choice lists typical functions of a firewall?

The choice highlighting logging traffic and creating a choke point accurately reflects common functions of a firewall. Firewalls serve as critical barriers between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks, controlling the traffic that passes through them. One primary function is traffic logging, which helps administrators monitor and analyze network activity for potential threats. This logging capability allows for the detection of unusual activity patterns, enabling better security management.

Additionally, by creating a choke point, firewalls limit the pathways through which data can travel. This ensures that all incoming and outgoing traffic is supervised, thereby reducing the likelihood of unauthorized access and potential attacks. By consolidating traffic through specific points, firewalls can more effectively apply security policies and filter out malicious content.

In contrast, options discussing creating a VLAN and configuring an intrusion-detection system relate more to network segmentation and threat detection but are not core functions of a firewall. Similarly, while issuing alerts and limiting host access pertains to security measures, it's not as representative of the fundamental role of a firewall as the logging and choke point functions. Lastly, implementing security policies and scanning the internal network speaks more to general security practices rather than specific firewall capabilities.