Which threat is commonly associated with a man-in-the-middle attack?

A man-in-the-middle attack involves intercepting and potentially altering the communication between two parties without their knowledge. Session hijacking is a threat closely related to this type of attack, where an attacker gains access to a user's session token or cookie, allowing them to impersonate the user. This often occurs in scenarios where the attacker has already positioned themselves between the two parties, enabling them to capture and use session information to gain unauthorized access.

In the context of a man-in-the-middle attack, the attacker can manipulate the communication, potentially stealing session credentials, which can lead to unauthorized access to accounts or other sensitive information. This illustrates how session hijacking not only represents the exploitation of the current session but also emphasizes the risks posed by an attacker being able to intercept communications in real-time.

The other options refer to different types of vulnerabilities or attacks that may exist in various contexts, but session hijacking directly correlates with the specific circumstances of a man-in-the-middle attack.